Thursday, May 23, 2013

TYPEFACE CLASSIFICATIONS BY DATE (supplement for ALPHABET Timeline):

(this supplementary information may help you organize your timeline, but it is not required.  The only required information are the date of the type classes):

TYPEFACE CLASSIFICATIONS BY DATE:
1450 BLACKLETTER
Cloister Black
Goudy Text

1475 OLDSTYLE
Bembo
Caslon
Dante
Garamond
Janson
Jenson
Palatino

1500 ITALIC

1550 SCRIPT
Kuenstler Script
Mistral
Snell Roundhand

1750 TRANSITIONAL
Baskerville 
Bulmer
Century
Times Roman

1775 MODERN
Bell 
Bodoni
Caledoni
Didot
Walbaum

1825 SQUARE SERIF
Clarendon
Memphis
Rockwell
Serifa

1900 SANS SERIF
Akzidenz Grotesk
Grotesque
Gill Sans
Franklin Gothic
Frutiger
Futura 
Helvetica
Meta
News Gothic
Optima
Syntax
Trade Gothic
Univers

1990 EXPANDED TYPE FAMILY
Rotis
Scala
Stone

THE PROLIFERATION OF PRINTING (supplement for ALPHABET Timeline)

(this supplementary information may help you organize your timeline, but it is not required)

EARLY PRINTING OFFICES (15th Century):
1461 Bamberg
1462 Strasbourg
1465 Subiaco
1466 Cologne
1468 Augsburg
1469 Venice
1470 Paris
1470 Toulouse
1473 Lyons
1473 Utrecht
1473 Ulm
1474 Valencia
1475 Bruges
1476 London
1477 Delft

By 1500 there were 1000 Printing offices in 240 cities in Europe.
12 million copies of 35 thousand books were in distribution.
(this is more than all of the books hand copied in the preceding 1.5 millennia)

approximate number of printing offices by year:
1455: 1
1470: 14
1480: 100
1500: 240


THE SPREAD OF PRINTING IN THE 16th Century:
1503 TURKEY
1508 ROMANIA
1515 GREECE
1534 MEXICO
1550 IRELAND
1553 RUSSIA
1556 INDIA
1563 PALESTINE
1584 PERU
1590 JAPAN

THE SPREAD OF PRINTING IN THE 17th Century:
1602 Philippines
1610 Lebanon
1610 Bolivia
1639 America
1640 Iran
1642 Finland
1643 Norway
1644 China

THE ALPHABET TIMELINE: Byblos to Cupertino

REQUIRED INFORMATION for ALPHABET TIMELINE:

2000 BCE Sui generis

1500 BCE Ras Shamra Script

1000 BCE Greek Alphabet

850 BCE Aramaic

200 - 500
SQUARE CAPITALS/RUSTIC CAPITALS

4th C
Roman Cursive

4th-5th C
UNCIALS

500
Half-Uncials

925
Caroline Minuscule

900
Blackletter

1455
J. Gutenberg
42 line bible
Mainz

1460
Lucius Lactantius
De Divinis Institutionibus
Venice

1472 
Cardinal Johannes Bessarion
Adversus Calumniatorem Platonis
Conrad Swenheim and Arnold Pannartz
Subiaco Press,
Rome

1471
Quintilian
Institutiones Oratoriae
Nicholas Jenson
Venice

1495
De Aetna by Pietro Bembo
type by Francesco Griffo


1499
Colona
Hypnerrotomachia Poliphili
type by Francesco Griffo
(see 1929 Monotype corporation)

1515
Lucretius
De Rerum Natura
type by Francesco Griffo

1500 - 1525
Geofroy Tory introducees the colon, accent marks, and the cedilla (ç) into printing

1531
Terentiani Mauri Nilicae Syenes
Praesidis
printed by Simon de Colines
Paris
Type-cast by Clude Garamond

1572
(preface to) Polyglot Bible
Printed by Christophe Plantin
Antwerp

1667 Oxford University Press is founded 
(purchases its first type from Christoffel van Dijck of Amsterdam
(1672 punches and matrices from Dirk and Bartholemew Voskens)

1690 Type known as Janson is first cut by Hungarian Nicholas Kis

1734
William Caslon
Type Specimon Sheet
London

1761
William Congreve
The works of William Congreve
typeset and printed by John Baskerville
Birmingham

1800 INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
jobbing/commercial printing separates as a genre from book printing


1803 
Robert Thorne designs the first FAT FACE and coins the term Egyptian to describe Slab Serif typefaces

1818
Giambattista Bodoni
Manuale Tipographico
Parma
(Bodoni would improve ink and paper surface to show off his delicate typeface)

1896
Akzidenz Grotesk
Berthold Type Foundry
(Akzidenz = commercial type, Grotesk = san serif)

1916
London Underground logo and signage
Edward Johnston

1923
Prospectus for the BAUHAUS
Láslo Moholy-Nagy

1926
Bauer Bodoni
by Louis Höll
Bauer Type Foundry
(based on Bodoni cuts of 1789)

1927
Futura
Paul Renner
(1st geometric san serif designed for text applications)

1928
Gill Sans
Eric Gill
(based on Edward Johnston's 1916 typeface for the signage of the London Underground)

1929
Bembo
Monotype corporation

1929
Monotype Baskerville
Monotype corporation

1929
Memphis
by Rudolf Wolf
Stempel Foundry

1939
Kilroy was here
(so was Bozo Texino)
1930s - depression era:
Mexican-American pachucos and hobo boxcar marking

1957
Univers
by Adrian Frutiger
released by Deberny & Peignot Foundry

1959 
Neue Grafik
Josef Müller-Brockmann,
Richard Lohse,
Hans Neuberg,
Carlo Vivarelli

1977
Glypha
by Adrian Frutiger
Linotype

1981
Bitstream Inc begins offering digital typefaces

1989
Adobe Garamond
Robert Slimbach 
(working from Garamond's roman and Granjon's italic)

1990
Adobe Caslon
Carol Twombly
(working from Caslon specimen sheets of 1738 and 1786)

2000
the extinction of the typesetter

Wednesday, May 22, 2013

TIMELINE OF INFORMATION GRAPHICS
Please include title, date, designer(when known), and image.
Images may be details of the design or small images of the entire design, but consistant. (Variation should be accompanied by purpose and well directed intention.)
Please somehow group thematically - i.e. separate into astronomy or medical/anatomical or physical science or historical narrative or political science or cartography or timelines or....?
Your timeline does not have to be a horizontal line; it may be a circle, it may be an octopus, it may be and umbrella, or....?

Graphics and/or designers for your TIMELINE OF INFORMATION GRAPHICS:

Cave Art
Egyptian Lunar Calendar
Tomb of Menna
Ibn Sahl
Bayeux Tapestry
Joachim of Fiore
Roger Bacon
Ebstorf Map
Anatomy of Mansur
De Spaera
Vituvian Man
Uroscopy Wheel
Ptolemny Illustrated World Map
Luca Pacioli - Summa de Arithmetica
Petrus Apianus
Andreas Vesalius
Cities of the world map from Cologne
Georg Bartisch
Christophe de Savigny
Galiliea Galilei
Robert Fludd
Christoph Scheiner - Rosa Ursina dive Sol
Robert Burton - The Anatomy of Melacholy
Marin Mersenne Hormonicorum Libri XII
John Bulwer - treatise on gestures
René Descartes - graphic depicting elementary particles
Jean François Nicerin
Comenius Orbis sensalium pictus
Isaac Newton Optiks
Edmond Halley
Ephraim Chambers Cyclopedia
Gottfried Hensel
Scot James Ferguson - Astronomy Explained Upon Newton's Principles
Benjamin Franklin
William Playfair - Commercial and Political Atlas
Friedrich August Chrome "relational map"
Thomas Clarkson
David Brewster
John Emslie
Luke Howard Barometrographia
John Snow
Florence Nightingale
Charles Joseph Minard
Ernst Haekel - Pedigree of Man
Antonio Gabaglio
Edward Maunder
Joseph Jules Dejerine
Hinnerk Scheper
Herbert Bayer
Otto Neurath
Harry Beck - London Underground
Alfred H. Barr - Cubism and Abstract Art
Ad Reinhardt
Ladislav Sutner

George Maciunas
Jaques Bertin

Friday, May 17, 2013

EXAMPLE 4:
Ward Shelley:

View these full size on the artist's website:

EXAMPLE 3:
Flowchart from teach.com

Go here to see this full size and complete:

Wednesday, May 15, 2013

EXAMPLE 2:
Norman Mailer Character Timeline:

from:
http://www.utexas.edu/opa/blogs/culturalcompass/2011/06/16/in-the-galleries-mailers-character-timeline-for-harlots-ghost/


EXAMPLE 1:
Henry Miller manuscript plan:

from: